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The line of succession to the throne of the French Empire was vested in the descendants and relations of Napoleon Bonaparte until the abolition of the Empire in 1870. == Origins of the French Empire == The French Empire (or the Napoleonic Empire), formally existed during two periods of French history, when the form of government was an empire and the head of state was a monarch who held the title of emperor. The First French Empire, was the regime established by Napoleon I Bonaparte in France. This empire lasted from 1804 to 1814, from the Consulate of the First French Republic to the Bourbon Restoration], and was briefly restored during the Hundred Days in 1815. The Second French Empire was the regime established in France by Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870, between the Second French Republic and the Third French Republic. Napoleon III was the third son of Louis Bonaparte, a younger brother of Napoleon I, and Hortense de Beauharnais, the daughter of Napoleon I's wife, Josephine de Beauharnais, by her first marriage. Bonapartism had its followers from 1815 forward among those who never accepted the defeat at Waterloo or the Congress of Vienna. Napoleon I's death in exile on Saint Helena in 1821 only transferred the allegiance of many of his loyalists to other members of the House of Bonaparte. After the death of Napoleon I's son, known to Bonapartists as Napoleon II, there were several different members of the family in whom Bonapartist hopes rested. The disturbances of 1848 gave this group hope. Bonapartists were essential in the election of Napoleon I's nephew Louis Napoleon Bonaparte as president of the Second French Republic. They also gave him crucial political support for the 1852 ''coup d'état'', which overthrew the republican constitution and paved the way for the proclamation the following year of the Second French Empire, and himself, as Napoleon III, emperor. In 1870, Napoleon III led France to a disastrous defeat at the hands of the Kingdom of Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War, and he subsequently abdicated. Following the definite overthrow of the second Napoleonic empire, the third French republic was established. Bonapartism faded from a civic faith and monarchist bloc to an obscure predilection, more akin to a hobby than a practical political philosophy or movement. The death knell for Bonapartism was probably sounded when Eugène Bonaparte, the only son of Napoleon III, was killed in action while serving as a British army officer in Zululand in 1879. Thereafter Bonapartism ceased to be a political force. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Line of succession to the French throne (Bonapartist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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